City vs city
Carmel vs Niagara University, NY
Carmel currently scores 10 points higher overall than Niagara University, with the largest gap in tornado.
Use this comparison for relocation decisions, insurance shopping, and hazard-prioritized mitigation planning.
Hazard breakdown
Scores describe each city’s reference grid tile, not every property. A missing model is unavailable, not zero risk. Air quality uses an ingested EPA AirNow snapshot and may not reflect current conditions; other factors describe baseline exposure. The overall score blends different hazards and is not a probability of damage. Read the scoring methodology and sources.
Overall
Carmel: 35/100 · Niagara University: 25/100
Carmel is 10 points higher.
Flood
Carmel: 41/100 · Niagara University: 19/100
Carmel is 22 points higher.
Carmel: FEMA NFHL flood zones: 7 features intersect this tile.
Niagara University: FEMA NFHL flood zones: 7 features intersect this tile.
Wind
Carmel: 22/100 · Niagara University: 17/100
Carmel is 5 points higher.
Carmel: Wind exposure derived from ingested design wind / climatology tiles.
Niagara University: Wind exposure derived from ingested design wind / climatology tiles.
Lightning
Carmel: 20/100 · Niagara University: 32/100
Niagara University is 12 points higher.
Carmel: Lightning exposure derived from ingested climatology tiles.
Niagara University: Lightning exposure derived from ingested climatology tiles.
Tornado
Carmel: 31/100 · Niagara University: 0/100
Carmel is 31 points higher.
Carmel: Tornado risk derived from NOAA SPC historical reports.
Niagara University: Tornado risk derived from NOAA SPC historical reports.
Hail
Carmel: 30/100 · Niagara University: 23/100
Carmel is 7 points higher.
Carmel: Hail risk derived from NOAA SPC historical reports.
Niagara University: Hail risk derived from NOAA SPC historical reports.
Storm surge
Carmel: Unavailable · Niagara University: Unavailable
A score difference cannot be calculated without both sources.
Carmel: Storm surge model is not available for this location yet.
Niagara University: Storm surge model is not available for this location yet.
Wildfire
Carmel: 72/100 · Niagara University: Unavailable
A score difference cannot be calculated without both sources.
Carmel: Wildfire exposure derived from ingested fire potential tiles.
Niagara University: Wildfire model is not available for this location yet.
Ingested air quality
Carmel: 29/100 · Niagara University: 35/100
Niagara University is 6 points higher.
Carmel: Air quality score derived from the latest ingested EPA AirNow AQI grid; may not reflect current conditions. See methodology for the recorded ingest date.
Niagara University: Air quality score derived from the latest ingested EPA AirNow AQI grid; may not reflect current conditions. See methodology for the recorded ingest date.