City vs city
Black Sands vs Kalapana, HI
Kalapana currently scores 5 points higher overall than Black Sands, with the largest gap in flood.
Use this comparison for relocation decisions, insurance shopping, and hazard-prioritized mitigation planning.
Hazard breakdown
Scores describe each city’s reference grid tile, not every property. A missing model is unavailable, not zero risk. Air quality is a current EPA AirNow signal; other factors describe baseline exposure. The overall score blends different hazards and is not a probability of damage. Read the scoring methodology and sources.
Overall
Black Sands: 32/100 · Kalapana: 37/100
Kalapana is 5 points higher.
Flood
Black Sands: 54/100 · Kalapana: 65/100
Kalapana is 11 points higher.
Black Sands: FEMA NFHL flood zones: 4 features intersect this tile.
Kalapana: FEMA NFHL flood zones: 2 features intersect this tile.
Wind
Black Sands: 40/100 · Kalapana: 46/100
Kalapana is 6 points higher.
Black Sands: Wind exposure derived from ingested design wind / climatology tiles.
Kalapana: Wind exposure derived from ingested design wind / climatology tiles.
Lightning
Black Sands: 2/100 · Kalapana: 1/100
Black Sands is 1 points higher.
Black Sands: Lightning exposure derived from ingested climatology tiles.
Kalapana: Lightning exposure derived from ingested climatology tiles.
Tornado
Black Sands: Unavailable · Kalapana: Unavailable
A score difference cannot be calculated without both sources.
Black Sands: Tornado model is not available for this location yet.
Kalapana: Tornado model is not available for this location yet.
Hail
Black Sands: Unavailable · Kalapana: Unavailable
A score difference cannot be calculated without both sources.
Black Sands: Hail model is not available for this location yet.
Kalapana: Hail model is not available for this location yet.
Storm surge
Black Sands: Unavailable · Kalapana: Unavailable
A score difference cannot be calculated without both sources.
Black Sands: Storm surge model is not available for this location yet.
Kalapana: Storm surge model is not available for this location yet.
Wildfire
Black Sands: Unavailable · Kalapana: Unavailable
A score difference cannot be calculated without both sources.
Black Sands: Wildfire model is not available for this location yet.
Kalapana: Wildfire model is not available for this location yet.
Current air quality
Black Sands: Unavailable · Kalapana: Unavailable
A score difference cannot be calculated without both sources.
Black Sands: Air quality model is not available for this location yet.
Kalapana: Air quality model is not available for this location yet.